What is it?

Hormonal methods of contraception intended for use by women who have had unprotected sex. There are two forms: the emergency pill and the IUD device.

How is it taken?

The emergency pill is usually taken in two doses. The first must be taken within 72 hours (three days) of sex, and the second 12 hours later. However, Levonelle-2â requires the two tablets to be taken together, preferably within 12 hours and no later than 72 hours after unprotected intercourse. (NB: The original version of Levonelleâ is still taken in two doses, so check which type you have first.) Single dose emergency contraception is now emerging, too. It is currently most common to find the single tablet option in pharmacies, although NHS services will soon be catching up. Whether you receive a single tablet or two tablets, the methods are equally effective because the dose is the same.

Most types contain levels of synthetic oestrogen with progestogen - hormones that are similar to those found in the body - and work by preventing the egg from being implanted in the womb.

The emergency pill shouldn't be regarded as a contraceptive choice like the condom, diaphragm or The Pill. This is because it can only be used occasionally to be 100% effective. Instead, consider it as a fail-safe should something go wrong with your chosen form of birth control. 

(Note that if you're unable to use an oestrogen-based hormonal contraceptive, ask your doctor to prescribe a progestogen-based emergency pill.)

The IUD (or 'coil') is a small, copper device that must be fitted inside the uterus by a doctor within five days of unprotected sex. It works in the same way as the emergency contraceptive pill and must be worn until your next period (when you're sure you aren't pregnant). It can also work as a contraceptive (but will only protect against pregnancy and not sex infections). Always discuss this with your doctor first if you're considering it as a regular contraceptive method.

Other essentials

• You might hear people refer to the emergency contraceptive pill as 'the morning after pill', which is misleading. The fact is it can be taken up to three days after unprotected sex, but no later.
• Some women who take the emergency pill may experience short-term side effects such as dizziness or nausea. If vomitting occurs within two hours of taking a pill, see your doctor. This is because the pill is absorbed into the body via the digestive system and throwing up could mess with its effectiveness as a contraceptive. Drawbacks to the IUD include a risk of heavy periods, spotting and possible pelvic infection.
• Neither the IUD or the emergency contraceptive pill cause abortion. Both methods work by preventing the egg from implanting in the womb - whether or not it has been fertilised.

Availability

Both the emergency pill and the IUD are available freely from a doctor at your local surgery, sexual health clinic, GUM centre or Brook Centre. The emergency pill is also available over the counter from selected chemists. In every case, it's vital that you seek help fast to keep your options open.

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